research articles, claims, methods, figures, and gaps
Read a figure without causation
Survey of 800 students finds screen time correlated with sleep, r=-.34. Stress, caffeine, and homework are unmeasured.
- Observational association does not isolate cause.
- Apply the method to this new case and check the strongest alternative.
Which result statement fits?
MODELPrimary Literature Map
LAB
PROVEChoose with evidence
CLUEPause. Find what matters. Then make your move.